Hollosi Information eXchange /HIX/
HIX HUNGARY 433
Copyright (C) HIX
1995-09-19
Új cikk beküldése (a cikk tartalma az író felelőssége)
Megrendelés Lemondás
1 For someone in Paris (mind)  41 sor     (cikkei)
2 Transylvania (mind)  20 sor     (cikkei)
3 Re: Why not socialism? (mind)  176 sor     (cikkei)
4 Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind)  14 sor     (cikkei)
5 56-95: Hungary in World focus (mind)  167 sor     (cikkei)
6 Coupons for the compensation of past government confisc (mind)  8 sor     (cikkei)
7 Re: Clinton-Iliescu Meeting (mind)  23 sor     (cikkei)
8 Re: Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind)  8 sor     (cikkei)
9 Re: Hungarian/English Dictionary (mind)  16 sor     (cikkei)
10 IMF primer in Bathori's collection (excerpts) (mind)  87 sor     (cikkei)
11 Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind)  14 sor     (cikkei)
12 Re: Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind)  18 sor     (cikkei)
13 Re: Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind)  28 sor     (cikkei)

+ - For someone in Paris (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

Hi,

Can someone tell me if there is a Hungarian restaurant in Paris ?
I will visit Paris with my girl friend and I would like to take her
in a Hungarian resto. I do remember that in 1988 there was a resto
called "Paprika" but I have forgotten its address.

I will welcome also some unusual address.
( Exclude Pigalle ... )

Thanks for your help,   ANDRAS




Szevasztok,

Megtudna valaki mondani nekem ha letezik egy magyar etterem Parizsban ?
A baratnommel elmegyek oktoberben oda es elszeretnem vinni ot egy igazi
magyar etterembe. Emlekszem hogy 1988 volt egy etterem amit "Paprikanak"
hivtak de elfelejtettem a cimet.

Ha van nehany jo mas cimetek akkor kuldjetek el nekem !
( Kiveve a Pigalle-t ... )

Koszonom a segitseget,  ANDRAS




Salut,

Peut quelqu'un me dire s'il existe un resto hongrois a Paris? Je vais visiter
Paris avec ma copine en octobre et j'aimerais l'amener dans un vrai resto
hongrois. En 1988 j'ai ete dans un resto qui s'appelait "Paprika" mais j'ai
oublie son adresse.

Si tu connais des adresses bizarres n'oulies pas de me les envoyer !
( Sauf Pigalle ... )

Merci de votre aide,    ANDRAS
+ - Transylvania (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

Here we go again, I get back from a year in Pecs and this is what I come
back to, more people trying to force ideas of cultural genocide down
everyone's throats. As someone who just made two trips to Brasov,
Kolozsvar, and is a member of Hungarian-Romanian Friendship Society (yes,
it does exist, based in Pe'cs-If anyone on this list wants info I will be
very happy to provide it!!!), I have a few things to say.

Moses should never had compared Tokes to Funar...but some Hungarians in
Kolozsvar/Cluj-Napoca are not that happy with him either, they feel he may
be making things worse in some ways. So before we start trying to
convince the Presidential staff that there are 1000 really hacked off
Americans for every letter we write, think about those people there who
might be happy with what few steps the Romanian government is taking in
the right direction.

Progress comes slowly...America still has a long way to go, remember?

Darren Purcell
Dept. of Geography
Florida State University
+ - Re: Why not socialism? (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

>
> But really, socialism, in the classical sense of the word, failed miserably.

In the classical sense of the word (a la Marx) socialism is
the highest form of democracy.   The Soviet-style was anything
but.  I am not an advocate for that.  I am talking
about  a system based on the abundant technology/production/
information we have now, where a more educated/articulate people
can control democratically all there is to control; starting
from local living/working conditions.



> Marx was wrong in many of his analyses of the past as well as the few things
> he said about the future.

He has a theory on how capitalism has come about, and why
it succeeded previous setups, and why it cannot go on
forever.   This is a theory like Darwin's about evolution,
it was set in the 19th century, it cites examples from
the knowledge/data of that era, consequently  newer data
and experience develop the theory further, filling the
speculative gaps.



> if the
> regime could maintain a viable economy. They couldn't. The system failed in
> so many respects that I can find it difficult to enumerate them: environment,
> health, population growth, economic productivity, morals,

yes, a non-democratic, semi-capitalist system failed in the SU
and in Eastern Europe.   However tell me about a capitalist country,
we should confidently follow to the next century, as stable, no
periodical crises, and  which is solving all the problems of
environment, health, population growth, economic productivity, morals...
I would add waste, poverty, ignorance, war, crime....



>  I guess you will be shocked to hear that I am not only
> not a champion of socialism, I am not even a champion of the European welfare
> state. That latter phenomenon has not collapsed yet, not like the soviet-type
> of socialism, but at the same time it was not introduced 75 or so years ago
> either. I am convinced that the kind of welfare state some of Western
> European countries introduced are doomed. In the global competition these
> countries will simply not be viable.


I agree, but they are as much doomed as the "competitive ones".
the welfare state is the product of longer-sighted capitalists
and the past of the worker's movements aimed at prolonging capitalism.
And it worked better - if you care to look at things like healthcare,
education, culture and general well-being, with less ups and downs then the
fiercer places of the never all that free markets, or monetarism.
(Anyone who thinks, that going back to the free competition,
each for themselves type of thing must be more utopistic
than tha classical French utopists of the 18th/19th century...)

> (There was an extremely interesting
> article in the New York Times' business section about the problems of
> Mercedes-Benz vis-a-vis the Japanese luxury automakers. I have it on disk and
> I will be glad to send it on to you! Just drop a note.)

.. I'm not all that keen on the car-industry, even if it
is the non-luxury section, thank you very much.  But I don't
elaborate on the incredible waste of resourses and environment...

> Socialism is not good
> for the soul!

Capitalism is not better in this respect, surely!
(I could go on....)


> Easy comes, easy goes! We, human beings, become greedy: we want
> more and more and more, especially if we think that it is free.

I have the feeling it is capitalism that encourages us gently;=)
to want more and more...  even at a very high price.


> Socialism
> also stifles initiative: why should we work harder when in the final analysis
> it really doesn't matter.

I think this is a fallacy. I worked in Hungary in industrial
workplaces as well as here in the UK  and in Australia.
If the work was well organised, with tools
and materials, Hungarians worked as well, as as anybody.
It is human nature; if you have to work and you can't get
out of it, you might as well do it well, otherwise it is boring.
The problem was with the management (it always is!)
There were never materials/tools as needed, there were
wrong decisions made about what and how much and how to
do by a multitude of people produced by a non-
democratic burocracy.   Just like other burocratic structures
in other allegedly democratic places...

> One gets the impression in today's Hungary that
> half of the country's problem is a population which spent its formative years
> in a socialist state. Initiative is gone, looking after oneself is gone,
> responsibility for one's actions is gone, and so on and so forth.

This idea, that society as a whole has no responsibility
for health, education,etc,  and individuals should be left
to take the burden of caring, is wrong, it was wrong centuries
ago, when society did not have so much means to take this
responsibility.

> At the same
> time because they grew up in an economy of scarcity they are terribly
> preoccupied with material goods. They are more materialistic than we are who
> live in the so-called capitalist economy. And they are selfish too. They
> don't really care a hoot about the country, they don't care about the failing
> economy, they just want to be sure that all what is "due" them they get.

This is exactly the attitude expected from a good capitalist
consumer, nurtured by the media for the last two decades...

They learned - as workers here in the UK, that
if you "have to tighten your belts" for "your country",
that will mean those, who are not really fat to start with...


> And they don't want to swallow the bitter
> pill that the state cannot provide

I've seen the other day Micheal Moore's TV nation, in
Newt Ginrich-s territory, sorry, I forgot the name
of the town, Gor or Got or something short like that.
About 1 percent of federal money in that place went
for welfare. Most of it went to local industry, like
Lockheed, and local highways, and some to libraries etc.
Just interesting, that's all...


>
> So, in brief, I find the aftermath of socialism a disaster! Without a
> competitive spirit there is no healthy economy.

Unfortunately, competitive spirit is no guaranty for a healthy
economy...  anyway, what the economists call a healthy economy,
is not necessarily healthy for the people in it...

> Naturally, governments in all
> developed capitalist countries put limits on the leaders of industry and
> business. There are many-many rules and regulations concerning the
> environment, monopolies, labor relations and safety

The bigger you are, the easier is to evade these controls.
Do you want a few examples? The tip of the iceberg sometimes
shows... But I do not want to disturb your image of these
perfect places...  there are no miserable people in capitalist
countries, and if there are a few - its their own fault,
they were not born to be a clever, selfish entepreneurs...
If one wasn't so frightened of them... perhaps that's
why you try to purge them from your image...


>    But this competition is necessary. Without it there is no economic
> growth and no healthy individual development either.
>

I've seen some of these healthy individual developments;
in the US it doesn't seem to be in the progressing stage,
I see some of it here  - as they say  -  could be better...
Not good enough examples to follow, if you ask me...
(just incase you don't, mental disorders seem to be on
the increase, crime/terrorism ditto, fundamentalist/racist
hate ditto...)

You tell me how to make capitalism better/humane/free
of war/free of hate/free of misery for tha wast majority -
I'll buy it, honest!
Eva Durant
+ - Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

Lobby groups are part and parcel of the American political system. The
American-Hungarians will certainly try to make their voices felt when it
comes to the Hungarian minority in Transylvania, just as the
American-Romanians would if it were the question of a large Romanian minority
in Hungary. And by the way, it is a bit of an exaggeration to say:

>here are some guys
>trying to fight propagandistic wars, defending people they know nothing
>about: the Hungarians in Transylvania.

The Hungarians of Hungary know quite a bit about the Hungarian minority in
Romania.

Eva Balogh
+ - 56-95: Hungary in World focus (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

The parallel of '56 and '95 is astounding. Tiny Hungary, in both cases,
was rather freshly subjugated to an awesome monolith ('56:Soviet
Union, '95:IMF-WorldBank). Both forecast a dark and almost
permanent "colonial" future for Hungary. In both cases, foreign
dictate was rammed down the throats of Hungarians by their local
Quislings, with zero (or negative) loyalty to the Hungarian Nation.
They concentrated only on getting rich and powerful in the process
of robbing Hungary blind.  In both cases, the entire civilized World
overwhelmingly condemned the instruments of neocolonialism
(Soviet Union/IMF-WorldBank), and rooted for Hungary from all
their hearts in the David vs. Goliath struggle.

Except for a handful of Quislings. Exactly as in 56, biggest problem
for Hungary seems to be a gang of shady characters implying to
belong with population of this tiny Central European country, yet -
with every filthy means available to them - attempting to prevent
Hungarians to cleanly break away from parasite "Evil Empires".

Presently, for instance here in the list of "Hungary", the three lonely
characters who stand isolated in their opposition to Dr. Endrey's
planned Hungarian lawsuit against IMF/WorldBank for negligent damages,
originate from Hungarians (Balogh-Fencsik-Kornai), while over 250
international (albeit non-governmental) organized movements
(NGOs) are marching, for years, against IMF/WorldBank in the USA,
Europe and in the Third World. Their wide front spans from liberal
Harvard professors (Jeffry Sachs) to leftist MIT professors (Noam
Chomsky) and practically everybody in between (middle road
exemplified by prof. Frederick Sweet, Univ. St. Louis). Even former
IMF/WorldBank employees join a united front against these
historically outdated organizations, just as the "Free World" stood in
an extremely wide coalition in opposition to Soviets in 1956.

As for the three opposing characters, there is even an eery
resemblance of their types, and an extreme similarity of their
despicable methods, in '95 and in '56!  Communist Party Leader Mr.
Gero of 56 "stonewalled" in exactly the same manner the popular
demands for loosening the deadly grip of political/economical
tyranny -- precisely how Mr. Bokros of '95 still tries to "stonewall"
the popular demand for loosening the IMF grip on economical/
political realities in Hungary -- as if Dr. Endrey' letter for a lawsuit
against IMF/WorldBank DID NOT EXIST! It is also a carbon copy that
Mr. Bokros of '95 is merely the same kind of "hatchet man" as Mr.
Gero was in '56, both puppets pushed into the forefront by a "short-
lived modus vivendi" of stalemated antagonists. ("Hardliners" wish
for the "front man" to steamroll in a brutal manner, totally
insensitive to society, while the "reformists" wish that such brutality
overexposed will backfire on hardliners politically.. Mr. Bokros -
hopefully soon- will be destroyed since the stalemate that "invented
him" will not permit a monster "steamrolling" Hungarian Society and
Culture, and SZDSZ will dismiss him once he whipped up too much
public outrage and it is spilling to the real masters of the SZDSZ.)

Mr. Kornai of '95 is the cut (in more than one ways) of Mr. Rakosi of
'56. These oily figures have much less of the plain stupidity and
rigidity of "hatchet men". Mr. Kornai, for instance is about as mindful
of the doomed nature of IMF (he hastens to put in writing that he
does NOT endorse IMF policies), as Mr. Rakosi was totally aware in
'56 that Stalinism was dead as a doornail by Mr. Stalin's death in '53.
For them the trick is "How to keep political power once the power-
base collapsed?"  First, they need a BIG LIE, pretending that it did
NOT collapse. (As Mr. Kornai tried to reassure himself and his
likenesses in "Forum" in 1990 that Hungary was still a tiny neighbor
to a still-existing huge Soviet superpower). Later, the same Mr.
Kornai put forth a replacement, another trademark BIG LIE (in
"Forum") that '56 was NO FREEDOM FIGHT AT ALL!  -- Slapping
flabberghasted World in the face, for whom "Hungarian Freedom
Fighters" were not only "Men of the Year" but epitome of True
Heroes, the Davids who stood up to Goliaths!  It is extremely
revealing, how Mr. Kornai uses today yet another BIG LIE, against
me, with his descpicable accusation that I am promoting some kind
of "illegal, unlawful act" for Hungary to stand up against IMF policies
that WE BOTH CONDEMN.  Is it not totally clear to all readers (except
Mr. Kornai, that is) that the present round of heated controversy is
because I publicize Dr. Endrey's concept; which calls for the MOST
STRICTLY LAWFUL SOLUTION OF ALL;   *L A W S U I T*   AGAINST IMF/
WORLDBANK!?!? If Mr. Kornai "does not approve" IMF policies, WHY
would it not be best the use  *T H E   L A W*  to remedy severe
damages that its negligent advice clearly inflicted upon Hungary??

When a "Mr. Rakosi type" operates by BIG LIES ("Hazank nem res
hanem eros bastya a beke frontjan" [Hungary is not a gaping hole
but a strong bastion on the fortress of peace], or "1956 was NOT a
Freedom Fight", etc.) what they need most is some little guys (and
girls) who help them mud the issues -- lest glaring falseness of their
BIG LIES would be too obvious.

Herein comes some second violinist with her tune that "1956 was a
Socialist Revolution" which is so false ["ba'ncsa a fulet"], and is so
naive, that can even distract attention by laughter from the much
more malicious negation of the "Freedom Fight" of the World Famous
Hungarian Freedom Fighters of 1956 who died their heroic deaths
against 26 tank-bataillons of Soviet Union.

There is a huge difference between deadly, "sinister-in-his-
sophistication" Mr. Rakosi and the naive starry-eyed students who
fell victim of brainwashing so bad that they took socialist brochures
literally in 1956.  There is a huge difference between Mr. Kornai and
Ms. Balogh. The former type is fully aware of profoundly mistaken
policies of IMF, yet uses a BIG LIE trying to derail the MOST LAWFUL
possible movement (a LAWSUIT), for fear of letting Hungary escape from
the deadly grip. For the "Mr. Kornai types" the deadly grip on Hungary
is the important part, the ONLY THING of importance, and not whether
the power behind THEIR grip is Soviet Communism, IMF finance
oligarchy, or "Whatever" they pick to subserve.  The latter on the
other hand is just a born naiva (once naive, always naive) who takes
HVG/IMF brochures, painting a rosy picture of "Burundi with human
face" in '95 as literally as she fell easy prey to "Socialism with
human face" brochures in '56.

The palette would not be complete without realizing how exactly the
same are the media-maffioso ("medioso") characters of '56 and '95.
"Rakosi a legjobb apa" [Rakosi is our best father] - was a typical way
of jovially "befriending" that sinister former Party Leader, and at the
same time ridiculing as clowns, and in all imaginable manner, the
"reactionary" [reakcios] patriots. Perhaps the only difference is that
slick fabricators of "filth & sleeze" operated in the fifties in "socialist
cooperatives" (newspapers wholly owned by the communist party)
while "Gabor Whatshisname"-type lip-servers who attempt to
ridicule and attack ad hominem those with forceful ideas, operate in
privatized sweatshops [Hazudozo es Cikizo Szovetkezet].

Did we forget to draw parallel of the AVO [KGB] of '56 with the
Party-machinery of implementing IMF-policies of '95 [SZDSZ]? No, we
did not -- there is no parallel between the two. The similarity is
more like "father and son". Mr. Petho [sr.] was a high-ranking officer
of AVO, his son Mr. Petho [jr.] is the present leader of SZDSZ.

Well, how about Mr. Horn then (who, as member of the workers'
militia, helped militarily suppress the Antibolshevist Revolution and
Freedom Fight of '56)?  Does he have no parallel in '95 with '56?

Indeed he does, but with an ironic twist of history. If Imre Nagy was
one of the "most legitim Prime Ministers" of Hungary in '56,  then
there is a 76% parliamentary majority behind Mr. Horn, thus one
could hold him even more legitim, especially since Imre Nagy was
never made Prime Minister as a result of even phony multi-party
elections -- while Horn certainly was.  One could even go further
with some parallelism; both Nagy and Horn are COMMUNISTS, yet of
those (rare) variety attempting in desperation to satisfy those who
put the Nation's interest first.  Imre Nagy had to die, since
SERVING ANY INTERNATIONALIST IDEOLOGY LIKE COMMUNISM, AND PUTTING
THE NATION'S INTEREST FIRST, ARE AXIOMATICALLY NOT POSSIBLE.
When realization of this impossibility started to sink in to
Imre Nagy, he encouraged HUNGARIAN PEOPLE to take charge,even
beyond his head, THUS THE HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION OF '56 UNFOLDED.

Today, amazingly, we see Mr. Horn desperately struggling with the
same axiomatic impossibility of subserving Internationalist IMF/
WorldBank AND trying to satisfy those putting first the survival-
interest of Hungarian people. As he gradually comes to realize that
this effort is doomed, he tacitly encourages the unfolding of a
POPULAR HUNGARIAN REVOLT OF BANKLOAN SLAVES, by not supressing
Dr. Endrey's letter (and spirit)-- but pointing to Ministry
of Finance as the "bottleneck", clearly throwing the ball into
their court. Mr. Horn put it on record that Mr. Bokros and SZDSZ
stonewall the popular demand by refusing to "answer it" (or even
acknowledge its existence), in the exact same manner as Mr. Gero
stonewalled popular demands in1956.

To me (and I presume for the Nation) any true parallel between
Mr. Nagy and Mr. Horn is relevant only to the extent of truism that
HUNGARY NEVER HAD ANY OTHER BUT DOOMED PRIME MINISTERS.
(Antall's was a doomed body, that was exactly why Mr. Antall was
made a doomed Prime Minister).

Presently, the parallel of '56 and '95 that counts the most for
Hungary and the World is that 23rd of October is nearing soon.
+ - Coupons for the compensation of past government confisc (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

My family has recently received an official notice from the Hungarian
government granting us compensation for real properties that had been
confiscated by previous regimes over the past several decades. This
compensation seems to be for only a nominal percentage of the actual value of
these properties and is to be paid out, not in currency, but in "coupons".
 Can these compensation determinations be successfully challenged or are they
foregone conclusions? Can someone enlighten me on this subject?  I would be
very grateful. Thank you.
+ - Re: Clinton-Iliescu Meeting (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

Constantin Donea wrote:

>Creating new expressions, like "cultural genocide", using big words to
>describe the situation of the Hungarian minority in Transylvania can't
>help in any way those people to live peacefuly among Romanians. More
>..
>a couple of treaties meant to instate once and for all the peace in
>this part of Europe.

A dictated peace on your terms is not peace, but oppression.

>trying to fight propagandistic wars, defending people they know nothing
>about: the Hungarians in Transylvania.

Are you kidding?  What is it that we are unfamiliar about concerning
the Hungarians in Transylvania?  We know they are not allowed to
practice their culture in peace.  We know that they live under a
political system which was imposed by the Allies, and whose existance
is in contrast to the principles those same Allies claimed would be
followed when it came time to draw international borders after WWI.
What is it that we don't understand?

Paul Gelencser
+ - Re: Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

Eva Balogh wrote:

>American-Hungarians will certainly try to make their voices felt when it
>omes to the Hungarian minority in Transylvania, just as the

What group(s) comprise the lobby?  Where are they located?

Paul Gelencser
+ - Re: Hungarian/English Dictionary (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

>   "Rita M. Saye" > writes:

     <snip>

>  What I am looking for is a dictionary that I can download from the
>  Internet that contains Hungarian to English (preferred)  or  English to
>  Hungarian.

Try http://www.sztaki.hu/sztaki/elibrary/szotar.html

or

ftp://almos.vein.hu/pub/ssa/szotar

at least one of these will have an "online" dictionary and also
indicate where to go to download the dictionary.
+ - IMF primer in Bathori's collection (excerpts) (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

> =======================================================================
   Title:  The maldevelopers
   Author: Pratap Chatterjee
   Source: Enough is Enough! -- The A SEED Europe guide to action
> =======================================================================
   _Beginnings_

   Soon after the second world war, two major conferences were held to
   plan the world's future economic and political situation. The first was
   held in the town of Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, USA in 1944, and the
   second was held in San Francisco in 1945. The second conference set up
   the United Nations system, and the first one created what are now known
   as the Bretton Woods institutions.

   In Bretton Woods, three new institutions were created:
   ~   an International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD),
       also known as the World Bank, which was supposed to help pay for
       the rebuilding of war-damaged Europe;
   ~   the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which was supposed to lend
       money to countries to help them with their "balance of payments"
       shortfalls, i.e. their national debt;
   ~   an International Trade Organisation (ITO), which was intended to
       create trading rules for the world. The ITO was never created, but
       instead a negotiating body called the General Agreement on Tariffs
       and Trade (GATT), was created and based in Geneva.

   This chapter will focus on the first two, both of which are
   headquartered in Washington, DC. (More information about the GATT can
   be obtained from the A SEED Europe office)...


_The International Monetary Fund_

     The International Monetary Fund is very much like the World Bank in
   its absence of accountability, transparency and democracy. It too is
   governed by a board of Directors who are appointed by its major donor
   countries such as the US, and whose votes are weighted in proportion to
   their financial contributions. The biggest contributors are the US
   (19.14%), Britain (6.63%), Germany (5.79%), France (4.81%) and Japan
   (4.53%). The president of the IMF is always European, and the current
   president is Michael Camdessus of France. [this has just changed, -ed]

   Unlike the Bank, the IMF does not pay for development projects. Instead
   it lends money to countries to help them overcome cash shortages. Over
   the years, it has made this money available only on increasingly strict
   requirements that countries follow its economic advice -- generally
   known as Structural Adjustment Policies (SAPs).

   These SAPs require countries to devalue their currencies against the
   dollar, which makes their goods cheaper for foreigners to buy, and
   theoretically makes foreign products more expensive. Actually, however,
   the resulting large foreign currency loan encourages the country to buy
   foreign equipment. To make the situation worse, the IMF requires the
   country to lift import and export restrictions, so that even more money
   flows out of the country.

   Another IMF SAP requirement is that countries balance their budgets and
   not overspend, which in theory is a good idea, but is hard to put into
   practice. There are two ways this can be done -- by raising taxes,
   which the IMF frowns upon, or by cutting government spending, which it
   highly recommends. As a result, IMF loans often result in deep cuts in
   programmes like education, health and social care, which hurt poor
   people the most.

   Finally, SAPs require governments to remove price controls and state
   subsidies. These are designed to help the poorest people by subsidising
   their basic needs like food and milk. By devaluing the currency and
   simultaneously removing price controls, the immediate effect of an IMF
   SAP programme is generally that prices for the poorest people are
   increased three or four times. ...

_Impact of the IMF_

   From 1977-85, Peru allowed its development policy to be guided by the
   IMF and undertook two major SAP programmes. In this time, average per
   capita income fell by 20%. Inflation soared from 30% to 160%.
   Unemployment and underemployment increased dramatically. By 1985,
   workers took home 64% of what they took home in 1979 while government
   spending on social sectors like education and health care dropped from
   26% to 18% of the national budget. Food and fuel subsidies disappeared
   to zero, average food availability per capita dropped by 26%, while
   child malnutrition increased from 42% to 68% of the child population.

   Between 1980 and 1985, 47 countries accepted SAP loans worth US $30.3
   billion from the IMF. Over this time period, three quarters of the
   countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America experienced marked declines
   in their per capita income...
+ - Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

In article >, "Eva S. Balogh"
> writes:
 by the way, it is a bit of an exaggeration to say:
>>here are some guys
>>trying to fight propagandistic wars, defending people they know nothing
>>about: the Hungarians in Transylvania.
>
>The Hungarians of Hungary know quite a bit about the Hungarian minority in
>Romania.

Granted. But how many of the posters on these Hungarian news groups are
currently in Hungary? Most of them are based in Western countries!

Constantin Donea
+ - Re: Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

RE:
Eva Balogh wrote:

>American-Hungarians will certainly try to make their voices felt when it
>omes to the Hungarian minority in Transylvania, just as the

What group(s) comprise the lobby?  Where are they located?

Paul Gelencser
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Dear Paul,

The "lobby" is us!  I've already e-mailed the President at



and expressed my concern about the Magyars in Rumania
+ - Re: Hungarian lobby in the USA (mind) VÁLASZ  Feladó: (cikkei)

RE:
In article >, "Eva S. Balogh"
> writes:
 by the way, it is a bit of an exaggeration to say:
>>here are some guys
>>trying to fight propagandistic wars, defending people they know nothing
>>about: the Hungarians in Transylvania.
>
>The Hungarians of Hungary know quite a bit about the Hungarian minority in
>Romania.

Granted. But how many of the posters on these Hungarian news groups are
currently in Hungary? Most of them are based in Western countries!

Constantin Donea
> -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--

Dear Constantin,

I may be "based" in a Western country, but I travel to Hungary and Erdely
several times each year for stays that average one month.

Devices like snail mail and e-mail and other resources including the
telephone and print media, not to mention TV and radio, help me stay close
to the situation.

I don't think it matters one iota where anyone is based!

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